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Tests of general relativity serve to establish observational evidence for the theory of general relativity. The first three tests, proposed by Albert Einstein in 1915, concerned the "anomalous" precession of the perihelion of Mercury , the bending of light in gravitational fields , and the gravitational redshift .
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Translation by Megh Nad Saha in The Principle of Relativity: Original Papers by A. Einstein and H. Minkowski, University of Calcutta, 1920, pp. 1–34: :Introduced the special theory of relativity. Reconciled Maxwell's equations for electricity and magnetism with the laws of mechanics by introducing major changes to mechanics close to the speed ...
So far, all tests of general relativity have been shown to be in agreement with the theory. The time-dependent solutions of general relativity enable us to talk about the history of the universe and have provided the modern framework for cosmology, thus leading to the discovery of the Big Bang and cosmic microwave background radiation.
The Eddington experiment was an observational test of general relativity, organised by the British astronomers Frank Watson Dyson and Arthur Stanley Eddington in 1919. The observations were of the total solar eclipse of 29 May 1919 and were carried out by two expeditions, one to the West African island of Príncipe , and the other to the ...
This is the standard technical reference for tests of general relativity. Will, Clifford M.; Was Einstein Right?: Putting General Relativity to the Test, Basic Books (1993). This is a popular account of tests of general relativity. Friedman, Michael; Foundations of Space-Time Theories, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1983 ...
[p 1] [p 2] It was proposed by Robert Pound and his graduate student Glen A. Rebka Jr. in 1959, [p 3] and was the last of the classical tests of general relativity to be verified. [ p 4 ] The measurement of gravitational redshift and blueshift by this experiment validated the prediction of the equivalence principle that clocks should be ...
In a 1964 article entitled Fourth Test of General Relativity, Irwin Shapiro wrote: [1] Because, according to the general theory, the speed of a light wave depends on the strength of the gravitational potential along its path, these time delays should thereby be increased by almost 2 × 10 −4 sec when the radar pulses pass near the sun. Such a ...