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Psychological hardiness, alternatively referred to as personality hardiness or cognitive hardiness in the literature, is a personality style first introduced by Suzanne C. Kobasa in 1979. [1] Kobasa described a pattern of personality characteristics that distinguished managers and executives who remained healthy under life stress, as compared ...
Hans Selye defined stress as “the nonspecific (that is, common) result of any demand upon the body, be the effect mental or somatic.” [5] This includes the medical definition of stress as a physical demand and the colloquial definition of stress as a psychological demand. A stressor is inherently neutral meaning that the same stressor can ...
In psychology, negative affectivity (NA), or negative affect, is a personality variable that involves the experience of negative emotions and poor self-concept. [1] Negative affectivity subsumes a variety of negative emotions, including anger, contempt, disgust, guilt, fear, [2] and nervousness.
Organizational stress levels that an individual faces is dependent not just on external factors such as job characteristics or environment, but also on intrapersonal factors such as personality, temperament, and individual coping and thinking styles. [citation needed] Also, stress at workplace is not limited to employees.
The Big Five personality traits accounted for 14% of the variance in GPA, suggesting that personality traits make some contributions to academic performance. Furthermore, reflective learning styles (synthesis-analysis and elaborative processing) were able to mediate the relationship between openness and GPA.
Neuroticism is a personality trait associated with negative emotions. It is one of the Big Five traits. Individuals with high scores on neuroticism are more likely than average to experience such feelings as anxiety, worry, fear, anger, frustration, envy, jealousy, pessimism, guilt, depressed mood, and loneliness. [1]
Resilience in chronic stress is defined as the ability to deal and cope with stresses in a healthy manner. [16] There are six categories of resources that affect an individual's coping resources: [16] Personality (Empathy/Sympathy, Commitment, Optimism) Ego-related traits (Self-esteem, Self-confidence, Self-control)
A negative interaction effects would not represent a synergistic effect because then the effect of one personality trait on the outcome decreases with higher scores on the other trait. Recent simulation studies have shown that the continuous interaction method is able to distinguish effects of type D personality from an effect of only one of ...