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Evolutionary psychologists consider Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection to be important to an understanding of psychology. [1] Natural selection occurs because individual organisms who are genetically better suited to the current environment leave more descendants, and their genes spread through the population, thus explaining why organisms fit their environments so closely. [1]
In the psychology of motivation, balance theory is a theory of attitude change, proposed by Fritz Heider. [1] [2] It conceptualizes the cognitive consistency motive as a drive toward psychological balance. The consistency motive is the urge to maintain one's values and beliefs over time.
The gene-centered view of evolution is a synthesis of the theory of evolution by natural selection, the particulate inheritance theory, and the rejection of transmission of acquired characters. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] It states that those alleles whose phenotypic effects successfully promote their own propagation will be favorably selected relative to ...
Dawkins builds upon George C. Williams's book Adaptation and Natural Selection (1966), which argued that altruism is not based upon group benefit per se, [4] but results from selection that occurs "at the level of the gene mediated by the phenotype" [5] and that any selection at the group level occurred only under rare circumstances. [6]
Coalescent theory – Model for tracing the history of genetic variation; Variation Genetic variation – Difference in DNA among individuals or populations Genetic diversity – Total number of genetic characteristics in a species; Gene frequency – The relative frequency of a variant of a gene at a particular locus in a population
Balancing selection refers to a number of selective processes by which multiple alleles (different versions of a gene) are actively maintained in the gene pool of a population at frequencies larger than expected from genetic drift alone. Balancing selection is rare compared to purifying selection. [1]
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The early diathesis-stress model was developed by Meehl. [26] It suggested that diathesis was a single gene, called schizogene. It led to a personality development, called schizotypic personality. Individuals who did not have schizotypic personality would not express the symptoms of schizophrenia, no matter what stress they experienced.