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A new breeding site will be found for the next mating season. [3] The female period of gestation is three months. Baby bats are referred to as pups. Heart-nosed bats can only have one pup at a time. Females, like all mammals, feed their young via lactation. Females will carry their newborns until two months of age.
Another factor is due to the shortage of food stocks during winter as the insects are being driven away and as the result, bat hibernate in pregnant condition. [24] In pinnipeds, the purpose of delayed implantation is in order to increase survival chance of the young animals as the mother ensure that the neonates are born at an optimal season. [25]
A maternity colony may range in size from 12 bats to 200, although in the eastern United States, colonies of 1,000 or more have been formed. [2] During the winter, these bats hibernate, often when temperatures are around 32 to 53 °F (around 0 °C to 11.5 °C.) Townsend's roost singly during hibernation, forming small clusters only rarely.
Northern bat colonies have moved as far as 450 km (280 mi) over a period of several years. [1] It breeds in late autumn, and the females stores the male sperm over the winter. Hibernation begins in November to December and lasts until April. Females become pregnant in spring and give birth 50–60 days later. In summer, males dwell alone.
Maternity colonies are especially prevalent in temperate regions due to the thermal benefits of roosting with other individuals. [1] Outside of the winter months, non-reproductive females and male bats enter torpor for short periods to conserve energy when temperatures are below an optimum threshold.
These bats, known as Flying Foxes, usually head to warmer climates during the winter months. It was all hands on deck as the hospital staff worked to nurse the bats back to health.
Small insect-eating bats can have as many as 38 teeth, while vampire bats have only 20. Bats that feed on hard-shelled insects have fewer but larger teeth with longer canines and more robust lower jaws than species that prey on softer bodied insects. In nectar-feeding bats, the canines are long while the cheek-teeth are reduced.
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