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German orthography is the orthography used in writing the German language, ... has been written with z since Old High German in the 8th century. Foreign words
Old High German (OHG; German: Althochdeutsch (Ahdt., Ahd.)) is the earliest stage of the German language, conventionally identified as the period from around 500/750 to 1050. Rather than representing a single supra-regional form of German, Old High German encompasses the numerous West Germanic dialects that had undergone the set of consonantal ...
The German orthography reform of 1996 (Reform der deutschen Rechtschreibung von 1996) was a change to German spelling and punctuation that was intended to simplify German orthography and thus to make it easier to learn, [1] without substantially changing the rules familiar to users of the language.
Kurrent (German: [kʊˈʁɛnt]) is an old form of German-language handwriting based on late medieval cursive writing, also known as Kurrentschrift ("cursive script"), deutsche Schrift ("German script"), and German cursive. Over the history of its use into the first part of the 20th century, many individual letters acquired variant forms.
The inherited Proto-Germanic nasal vowels were joined in Old Norse by nasal vowels from other sources, e.g. loss of *n before s. Modern Elfdalian still includes nasal vowels that directly derive from Old Norse, e.g. gą̊s 'goose' < Old Norse gás (presumably nasalized, although not so written); cf. German Gans, showing the original consonant.
The German Orthographic Conference of 1901 (the Berlin II Orthographic Conference; German: Zweite Orthographische Konferenz or II. Orthographische Konferenz) took place in Berlin from 17 until 19 June 1901. The results of the conference became official in the German Empire in 1902.
According to the orthography in use in German prior to the German orthography reform of 1996, ß was written to represent : word internally following a long vowel or diphthong: Straße, reißen; and; at the end of a syllable or before a consonant, so long as is the end of the word stem: muß, faßt, wäßrig. [10]: 176
Sütterlin is based on older German handwriting, which is a handwriting form of the Blackletter scripts such as Fraktur and Schwabacher, the German print scripts used at the same time. It includes the long s (ſ) as well as several standard ligatures such as ff (f-f), ſt (ſ-t), st (s-t), and ß (ſ-z or ſ-s).