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Atelectasis is the partial collapse or closure of a lung resulting in reduced or absence in gas exchange. It is usually unilateral, affecting part or all of one lung. [2] It is a condition where the alveoli are deflated down to little or no volume, as distinct from pulmonary consolidation, in which they are filled with liquid.
Peribronchial cuffing, also referred to as peribronchial thickening or bronchial wall thickening, is a radiologic sign which occurs when excess fluid or mucus buildup in the small airway passages of the lung causes localized patches of atelectasis (lung collapse). [1] This causes the area around the bronchus to appear more prominent on an X-ray ...
The severity ranges from mild to severe: small contusions may have little or no impact on health, yet pulmonary contusion is the most common type of potentially lethal chest trauma. It occurs in 30–75% of severe chest injuries. The risk of death following a pulmonary contusion is between 14 and 40%.
Pulmonary fibrosis creates scar tissue. The scarring is permanent once it has developed. [29] Slowing the progression and prevention depends on the underlying cause: Treatment options for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are very limited, since no current treatment has stopped the progression of the disease.
A pleural effusion is accumulation of excessive fluid in the pleural space, the potential space that surrounds each lung.Under normal conditions, pleural fluid is secreted by the parietal pleural capillaries at a rate of 0.6 millilitre per kilogram weight per hour, and is cleared by lymphatic absorption leaving behind only 5–15 millilitres of fluid, which helps to maintain a functional ...
It is often called a "collapsed lung", although that term may also refer to atelectasis. [1] A primary spontaneous pneumothorax is one that occurs without an apparent cause and in the absence of significant lung disease. [3] A secondary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs in the presence of existing lung disease.
Generally, intrinsic causes are from lung parenchyma diseases that cause inflammation or scarring of the lung tissue, such as interstitial lung disease or pulmonary fibrosis, or from having the alveoli air spaces filled with external material such as debris or exudate in pneumonitis. [3]
Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is a form of lung disease characterized by progressive scarring of both lungs. [1] The scarring (pulmonary fibrosis) involves the pulmonary interstitium (the supporting framework of the lung). UIP is thus classified as a form of interstitial lung disease.