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Phaseolus coccineus, known as runner bean, [2] scarlet runner bean, [2] or multiflora bean, [2] is a plant in the legume family, Fabaceae. Another common name is butter bean, [3] [4] [5] which, however, can also refer to the lima bean, a different species. It is grown both as a food plant and an ornamental plant.
Physostigma venenosum, the Calabar bean or ordeal bean, is a leguminous plant, Endemic to tropical Africa, with a seed poisonous to humans.It derives the first part of its scientific name from a curious beak-like appendage at the end of the stigma, in the centre of the flower; this appendage, though solid, was supposed to be hollow (hence the name from φῦσα, a bladder, and stigma).
Beans are grown on every continent except Antarctica. In 2022, 28 million tonnes of dry common beans were produced worldwide, led by India with 23% of the total. [6] Raw dry beans contain the toxic compound phytohaemagglutinin, [7] which can be deactivated by cooking beans for ten minutes at boiling point (100 °C, 212 °F).
The word 'bean', for the Old World vegetable, existed in Old English, [3] long before the New World genus Phaseolus was known in Europe. With the Columbian exchange of domestic plants between Europe and the Americas, use of the word was extended to pod-borne seeds of Phaseolus, such as the common bean and the runner bean, and the related genus Vigna.
Nearly all parts contain toxic taxanes (except the red, fleshy, and slightly sweet aril surrounding the toxic seeds). [208] [209] The seeds themselves are particularly toxic if chewed. [210] Several people have committed suicide by ingesting leaves and seeds, including Catuvolcus, king of a tribe in what is now Belgium. Toxicodendron spp.
Measured in haemagglutinating units (hau), a raw red kidney bean may contain up to 70,000 hau, but this is reduced to between 200 and 400 hau when properly cooked. [5] Studies by British scientists recommend soaking beans for at least five hours, discarding the water, and then boiling the beans in fresh water at 100 °C (212 °F) for at least ...
Raw flat beans Raw flat beans showing the seeds Cooked flat beans with bacon. Flat beans, also known as helda beans, romano beans (not to be confused with the borlotti bean) and "sem fhali" in some Indian states, are a variety of Phaseolus vulgaris, known as runner bean (not to be confused with Phaseolus coccineus) with edible pods that have a characteristic wide and flat shape.
Runner or pole beans and beets stunt each other's growth. ... Sow 2 or 3 radish seeds in with cucumbers to repel cucumber beetles. ... Toxic to people and many ...