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A History of Spain and Portugal. Vol. I and II. New York: The University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 0-299-06270-8. Petrie, Sir Charles (1952). The History of Spain. Part II: From the Death of Phillip II to 1945. New York: The MacMillan Company. Pierson, Peter (1999). The History of Spain. Westport: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-30272-3.
However, it is only during the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939) that the official title of President of Spain (or President of the Republic) existed. Today, Spain is a constitutional monarchy, and there is thus no person holding the title of President of Spain. However, the prime minister holds the official title of President of the ...
During the 19th century, Spain witnessed a struggle between the Ancient Regime and the liberal State, with two antagonistic concepts of government. The liberal State needed a new territorial organization that would allow it to govern the country in a uniform manner, collect taxes and create a single market with equal laws for all.
A military junta (/ ˈ h ʊ n t ə, ˈ dʒ ʌ n t ə / ⓘ) is a system of government led by a committee of military leaders. The term junta means "meeting" or "committee" and originated in the national and local junta organized by the Spanish resistance to Napoleon's invasion of Spain in 1808. [1]
Spain's history during the nineteenth century was tumultuous, and featured alternating periods of republican-liberal and monarchical rule. The Spanish–American War led to losses of Spanish colonial possessions and a series of military dictatorships, during which King Alfonso XIII was deposed and a new Republican government was formed.
The Kingdom of Spain lost Spanish Netherlands, Spanish viceroyalty of Naples and Sicily, Duchy of Milan, Menorca and Gibraltar. 1717: 27 May: Viceroyalty of New Granada began. 1761: Seven Years' War: Spain declared war on Great Britain. 1763: 10 February: Treaty of Paris. Spain recovers Florida and obtains Louisiana till 1801. 1778
Al-Mansur withdrew from Spain and focused on consolidating its authority in Persia. Abd al-Rahman I (grandson of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik) became an independent emir of Córdoba and reached the first unification of Al-Andalus (Toledo, Zaragoza, Pamplona, Barcelona), including parts of western Maghreb. Considering themselves the authentic ...
Local government is administrative only [3] and their regulations must adhere to national and regional law. In terms of relative size of each tier, in 2002, the central government accounted for 48.7% of public expenditure, regional government for 35.5% and local government for 15.8%. [13]