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Robert Selman developed his developmental theory of role-taking ability based on four sources. [4] The first is the work of M. H. Feffer (1959, 1971), [5] [6] and Feffer and Gourevitch (1960), [7] which related role-taking ability to Piaget's theory of social decentering, and developed a projective test to assess children's ability to decenter as they mature. [4]
Research conducted on role theory mainly centers around the concepts of consensus, role conflict, role taking, and conformity. [1] The theatre is a metaphor often used to describe role theory. Although the word role (or roll ) has existed in European languages for centuries, as a sociological concept, the term has only been around since the ...
Their ideas were developed over the centuries by philosophers such as Aristotle (who gave a formal analysis of the syllogism), [35] Euclid (whose Elements was a model of formal reasoning), al-Khwārizmī (who developed algebra and gave his name to the word algorithm) and European scholastic philosophers such as William of Ockham and Duns Scotus.
The second version appeared later in Turing's 1950 paper. Similar to the original imitation game test, the role of player A is performed by a computer. However, the role of player B is performed by a man rather than a woman. Let us fix our attention on one particular digital computer C.
IBM Watson is a computer system capable of answering questions posed in natural language. [1] It was developed as a part of IBM's DeepQA project by a research team, led by principal investigator David Ferrucci. [2] Watson was named after IBM's founder and first CEO, industrialist Thomas J. Watson. [3] [4]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 3 February 2025. English mathematician, philosopher, and engineer (1791–1871) "Babbage" redirects here. For other uses, see Babbage (disambiguation). Charles Babbage KH FRS Babbage in 1860 Born (1791-12-26) 26 December 1791 London, England Died 18 October 1871 (1871-10-18) (aged 79) Marylebone, London ...
Cognitive science developed between the 1950s and 1970s as an interdisciplinary field composed primarily of aspects of psychology, linguistics, and computer science. However, both classical symbolic computational theories and connectionist models developed largely independently of biological considerations.
Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider (/ ˈ l ɪ k l aɪ d ər /; March 11, 1915 – June 26, 1990), known simply as J. C. R. or "Lick", was an American psychologist [3] and computer scientist who is considered to be among the most prominent figures in computer science development and general computing history.