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  2. Difference of Gaussians - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difference_of_Gaussians

    obtained by subtracting the higher-variance Gaussian from the lower-variance Gaussian. The difference of Gaussian operator is the convolutional operator associated with this kernel function. So given an n -dimensional grayscale image I : R n → R {\\displaystyle I:\\mathbb {R} ^{n}\\rightarrow \\mathbb {R} } , the difference of Gaussians of ...

  3. Image subtraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_subtraction

    Image subtraction or pixel subtraction or difference imaging is an image processing technique whereby the digital numeric value of one pixel or whole image is subtracted from another image, and a new image generated from the result.

  4. Dataframe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataframe

    Dataframe may refer to: A tabular data structure common to many data processing libraries: pandas (software) § DataFrames; The Dataframe API in Apache Spark;

  5. Gaussian elimination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_elimination

    To perform row reduction on a matrix, one uses a sequence of elementary row operations to modify the matrix until the lower left-hand corner of the matrix is filled with zeros, as much as possible. There are three types of elementary row operations: Swapping two rows, Multiplying a row by a nonzero number, Adding a multiple of one row to ...

  6. Subtraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtraction

    The same change method uses the fact that adding or subtracting the same number from the minuend and subtrahend does not change the answer. One simply adds the amount needed to get zeros in the subtrahend. [20] Example: "1234 − 567 =" can be solved as follows: 1234 − 567 = 1237 − 570 = 1267 − 600 = 667

  7. Off-by-one error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-by-one_error

    Off-by-one errors are common in using the C library because it is not consistent with respect to whether one needs to subtract 1 byte – functions like fgets() and strncpy will never write past the length given them (fgets() subtracts 1 itself, and only retrieves (length − 1) bytes), whereas others, like strncat will write past the length given them.

  8. Aggregate function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aggregate_function

    In order to calculate the average and standard deviation from aggregate data, it is necessary to have available for each group: the total of values (Σx i = SUM(x)), the number of values (N=COUNT(x)) and the total of squares of the values (Σx i 2 =SUM(x 2)) of each groups.

  9. Sum of normally distributed random variables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sum_of_normally...

    The characteristic function + = ⁡ ((+)) of the sum of two independent random variables X and Y is just the product of the two separate characteristic functions: = ⁡ (), = ⁡ ()