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A sectional chart is a two-sided chart created from a Lambert Conformal Conic Projection [1] with two defined standard parallels. The scale is 1:500,000, with a contour interval of 500 feet. The size of each sectional is designed to be "arm's width" when completely unfolded.
William Playfair is usually credited with inventing the area charts as well as the line, bar, and pie charts.His book The Commercial and Political Atlas, published in 1786, contained a number of time-series graphs, including Interest of the National Debt from the Revolution and Chart of all the Imports and Exports to and from England from the Year 1700 to 1782 that are often described as the ...
Roundness = Perimeter 2 / 4 π × Area . This ratio will be 1 for a circle and greater than 1 for non-circular shapes. Another definition is the inverse of that: Roundness = 4 π × Area / Perimeter 2 , which is 1 for a perfect circle and goes down as far as 0 for highly non-circular shapes.
A deep-penetrating anchor (DPA) is conceptually similar to a torpedo anchor: it features a dart-shaped, thick-walled, steel cylinder with flukes attached to the upper section of the anchor. A full-scale DPA is approximately 15 metres (49 ft) in length, 1.2 metres (4 ft) in diameter, and weighs on the order of 50–100 tonnes (49–98 long tons ...
They may be marked on charts as a "Superbuoy." [12] Lateral marker buoys; Safe water mark or fairway buoys mark the entrance to a channel or nearby landfall; Sea marks aid pilotage by marking a maritime channel, hazard or administrative area to allow boats and ships to navigate safely. Some are fitted with wave-activated bells or gongs.
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Holding ground is the area of sea floor that holds an anchor, and thus the attached ship or boat. [4] Different types of anchor are designed to hold in different types of holding ground. [ 5 ] Some bottom materials hold better than others; for instance, hard sand holds well, shell holds poorly. [ 6 ]
Feds find 11 kids illegally employed for at least 4 years at Seaboard Triumph Foods facility in Sioux City, Iowa.