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In the thirteenth century, the phonetic difference between z and s was lost at the beginning and end of words in all dialects except for Gottscheerish. [27] Word-internally, Old and Middle High German s came to be pronounced [z] (the voiced alveolar sibilant), while Old and Middle High German z continued to be pronounced [s].
For example, the English suffix -s is pronounced [s] when it follows a voiceless phoneme (cats), and [z] when it follows a voiced phoneme (dogs). [1] This type of assimilation is called progressive, where the second consonant assimilates to the first; regressive assimilation goes in the opposite direction, as can be seen in have to [hæftə].
The symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet used to denote the sibilant sounds in these words are, respectively, [s] [z] [ʃ] [ʒ]. Sibilants have a characteristically intense sound, which accounts for their paralinguistic use in getting one's attention (e.g. calling someone using "psst!" or quieting someone using "shhhh!").
The grapheme Ž (minuscule: ž) is formed from Latin Z with the addition of caron (Czech: háček, Slovak: mäkčeň, Slovene: strešica, Serbo-Croatian: kvačica).It is used in various contexts, usually denoting the voiced postalveolar fricative, the sound of English g in mirage, s in vision, or Portuguese and French j.
When a voiced obstruent (b, d, ď, dz, dž, g, h, z, ž) is at the end of the word before a pause, it is pronounced as its voiceless counterpart (p, t, ť, c, č, k, ch, s, š, respectively). For example, pohyb is pronounced and prípad is pronounced . When "v" is at the end of the syllable, it is pronounced as labio-velar .
the possessive of James is spelled James's and pronounced - / z ɪ z /, but, singularly, the possessive of Jesus is often spelled adding only an apostrophe (Jesus ') and is and was usually pronounced the same (/ˈdʒiːzəs/). Singular nouns ending in s also form a possessive regularly by adding ' s, as in Charles's / ˈ tʃ ɑːr l z ɪ z / or ...
ze/zir or ze/hir (commonly pronounced zee/zeer or zee/heer) The teacher graded zir paper today, and ze got an A! Ze said hirself that I’m hir favorite neighbor.
Finally, the case of -s and -x pronounced [z] in liaison is explained differently. One must be aware, firstly, that word-final -x is a medieval shorthand for -us (in Old French people wrote chevax for chevaus , later written chevaux when the idea behind this -x was forgotten) (except in words like voix and noix where 's' was changed to 'x' by ...