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In electromagnetism, a magnetic dipole is the limit of either a closed loop of electric current or a pair of poles as the size of the source is reduced to zero while keeping the magnetic moment constant.
is the normal distance between the two parallel faces of the magnets; is the distance between the magnetic dipole axes of the two magnets. With their magnetic dipole aligned, the force can be computed analytically using elliptic integrals. [7]
Magnetic dipole–dipole interaction, also called dipolar coupling, refers to the direct interaction between two magnetic dipoles. Roughly speaking, the magnetic field of a dipole goes as the inverse cube of the distance, and the force of its magnetic field on another dipole goes as the first derivative of the magnetic field. It follows that ...
r is the distance from the center, measured in metres ... ignoring the delta function. In a real electric dipole, however, the charges are physically separate and the ...
German physicist Heinrich Hertz first demonstrated the existence of radio waves in 1887 using what we now know as a dipole antenna (with capacitative end-loading). On the other hand, Guglielmo Marconi empirically found that he could just ground the transmitter (or one side of a transmission line, if used) dispensing with one half of the antenna, thus realizing the vertical or monopole antenna.
The magnetic moment also expresses the magnetic force effect of a magnet. The magnetic field of a magnetic dipole is proportional to its magnetic dipole moment. The dipole component of an object's magnetic field is symmetric about the direction of its magnetic dipole moment, and decreases as the inverse cube of the distance from the object.
The repulsive part of the Lennard-Jones potential is therein replaced by an exponential function and it incorporates an additional parameter. Stockmayer potential The Stockmayer potential is named after W.H. Stockmayer. [20] The Stockmayer potential is a combination of a Lennard-Jones potential superimposed by a dipole.
The electric dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative electrical charges within a system: that is, a measure of the system's overall polarity. ...