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Since the Huguenots had political and religious goals, it was commonplace to refer to the Calvinists as "Huguenots of religion" and those who opposed the monarchy as "Huguenots of the state", who were mostly nobles. [39] The Huguenots of religion were influenced by John Calvin's works and established Calvinist synods. They were determined to ...
in Huguenots in Britain and their French Background, 1550–1800 (Palgrave Macmillan, 1987) pp. 158–174. [ISBN missing] Treasure, Geoffrey. The Huguenots (Yale UP, 2015) [ISBN missing] Tylor, Charles. The Huguenots in the Seventeenth Century: Including the History of the Edict of Nantes, from Its Enactment in 1598 to Its Revocation in 1685 (1892)
They often lived as nomads in wilderness areas in order to avoid capture. Historians estimate that the number of men and women imprisoned or sent to the galleys for religious offences in the 40 years following the edict of 1724 was almost two thousand. [10] According to Antoine Court, eight ministers were executed in this period. [11]
The French Wars of Religion were a series of civil wars between French Catholics and Protestants (called Huguenots) from 1562 to 1598.Between two and four million people died from violence, famine or disease directly caused by the conflict, and it severely damaged the power of the French monarchy. [1]
The city suffered terrible famine and the population was reduced to eating rats, leather, and ground slate. There were even isolated reports of cannibalism. [1] Some 500 people, including most of the children, died. [citation needed] The siege was compared to the siege of Jerusalem and became a Protestant cause throughout Europe.
The Cardinal of Lorraine had asked whether the Calvinists were prepared to sign the Confession of Augsburg, a matter of dissension between them and the Lutheran Protestants. The committee drafted a vague formula which could be interpreted in a Catholic or a Calvinistic sense, and was consequently condemned by both parties. [ 2 ]
Edict of Versailles signed by Louis XVI in 1787, Archives nationales de France The Edict of Versailles, also known as the Edict of Tolerance, was an official act that gave non-Catholics in France the access to civil rights formerly denied to them, which included the right to contract marriages without having to convert to the Catholic faith, but it denied them political rights and public worship.
The soldiers were instructed to harass and intimidate the occupants, in order to persuade them to either convert to the state religion or emigrate. As mobile mounted infantry, the 14 regiments of dragoons in the French Army of the period were sometimes used for what would now be called internal security duties, and were an effective instrument ...