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Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. It is part of the renin–angiotensin system, which regulates blood pressure. Angiotensin also stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex to promote sodium retention by the kidneys. An oligopeptide, angiotensin is a hormone and a ...
551 11998 Ensembl ENSG00000101200 ENSMUSG00000037727 UniProt P01185 P35455 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000490 NM_009732 RefSeq (protein) NP_000481 NP_033862 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 3.08 – 3.08 Mb Chr 2: 130.42 – 130.42 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Human vasopressin, also called antidiuretic hormone (ADH), arginine vasopressin (AVP) or argipressin, is a hormone synthesized ...
Excessive ADH causes an inappropriate increase in the reabsorption in the kidneys of solute-free water ("free water"): excess water moves from the distal convoluted tubules (DCTs) and collecting tubules of the nephrons – via activation of aquaporins, the site of the ADH receptors – back into the circulation. This has two consequences.
The renin–angiotensin axis is activated, and arginine vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone) is released to conserve fluid by reducing its excretion via the renal system. These hormones cause the vasoconstriction of the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and other organs to divert blood to the heart, lungs and brain.
Vasopressin receptor 1A (V1AR), or arginine vasopressin receptor 1A (officially called AVPR1A) is one of the three major receptor types for vasopressin (AVPR1B and AVPR2 being the others), and is present throughout the brain, as well as in the periphery in the liver, kidney, and vasculature.
Aldosterone release causes sodium and water retention, which causes increased blood volume, and a subsequent increase in blood pressure, which is sensed by the baroreceptors. [39] To maintain normal homeostasis these receptors also detect low blood pressure or low blood volume, causing aldosterone to be released.
The menstrual cycle can cause fluctuations in estrogen, which can cause water retention, Johnson notes. Pregnancy also causes the body to hold onto excess fluids and swell, says Badgett. Water ...
Ambient temperature is an example of exogenous vasoconstriction. Cutaneous vasoconstriction will occur because of the body's exposure to the severe cold. Examples of endogenous factors include the autonomic nervous system, circulating hormones, and intrinsic mechanisms inherent to the vasculature itself (also referred to as the myogenic response).