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The Kingdom of Aksum (Ge'ez: አክሱም, romanized: ʾÄksum; Sabaean: 𐩱𐩫𐩪𐩣, ʾkšm; Ancient Greek: Ἀξωμίτης, romanized: Axōmítēs) also known as the Kingdom of Axum, or the Aksumite Empire, was a kingdom in East Africa and South Arabia from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages, based in what is now northern Ethiopia and Eritrea, and spanning present-day Djibouti and ...
George Hatke concludes that a realm as vast as Zoskales would likely have been based in the more fertile highlands where Aksum was situated rather than in Adulis. This is because the coastal plain of Eritrea, which is around 40-60 km wide, is mostly unsuitable for agriculture to support a state as extensive as Zoskales realm. [8]
Agriculture in Yemen thrived during this time due to an advanced irrigation system which consisted of large water tunnels in mountains, and dams. The most impressive of these earthworks, known as the Ma'rib Dam was built c. 700 BCE, provided irrigation for about 25,000 acres (101 km²) of land [ 17 ] and stood for over a millennium, finally ...
Axum, also spelled Aksum (/ ˈ ɑː k s uː m / ⓘ), is a town in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia with a population of 66,900 residents (as of 2015). [2] It is the site of the historic capital of the Aksumite Empire .
Christianity was introduced to the Kingdom of Aksum primarily by Frumentius, a 4th-century Phoenician missionary who was a slave to the king of Aksum. After preaching Christianity in the region, he was freed shortly before the king's death, though he stayed to teach Ezana of Aksum , who was the king's son and heir to the throne.
Aksum was known by the Greeks for having seaports for ships from Greece and Yemen. [184] Elsewhere in Northeast Africa, the 1st century CE Greek travelogue Periplus of the Red Sea reports that Somalis , through their northern ports such as Zeila and Berbera , were trading frankincense and other items with the inhabitants of the Arabian ...
The Kingdom of Aksum was a trading empire rooted in northern Ethiopia. [22] It existed from approximately 100–940 AD, growing from the proto-Aksumite Iron Age period c. 4th century BC to achieve prominence by the 1st century AD. According to the Book of Axum, Axum's first capital, Mazaber, was built by Itiyopis, son of Cush. [23]
Beher is the god of the land and of the sea and is associated with agricultural fertility. [1] He is also identified with Meder, the earth mother. All of these names appear together in the writings of Ezana of Axum, in which the throne is dedicated to Astar, Beher, and Meder. [3] For the Aksumites, these gods are comparable to the Greeks'.