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Most famous parts of the brain highlighted in different colours The human brain anatomical regions are ordered following standard neuroanatomy hierarchies. Functional , connective , and developmental regions are listed in parentheses where appropriate.
Functional integration – the hypothesis that the integration within and among specialized areas of the brain is mediated by effective connectivity Neurophilosophy – some observations on this type of approach and localization of function; Receptor cell – cells that sense external stimuli and conducted that information to the brain
Mushroom bodies visible in a Drosophila brain as two stalks. From Jenett et al., 2006 [1] The mushroom bodies or corpora pedunculata are a pair of structures in the brain of arthropods, including insects and crustaceans, [2] and some annelids (notably the ragworm Platynereis dumerilii). [3] They are known to play a role in olfactory learning ...
Cephalization is a characteristic feature of any animal that habitually moves in one direction, thereby gaining a front end. In practice, this primarily means the bilaterians, a large group containing the majority of animal phyla. [3]
Neuroscience is the scientific study of the structure and function of the nervous system. [1] [2] It encompasses the branch of biology [3] that deals with the anatomy, biochemistry, molecular biology, and physiology of neurons and neural circuits. It also encompasses cognition, and human behavior. [2]
The supraesophageal ganglion (also "supraoesophageal ganglion", "arthropod brain" or "microbrain" [1]) is the first part of the arthropod, especially insect, central nervous system. It receives and processes information from the first, second, and third metameres .
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord.The CNS is so named because the brain integrates the received information and coordinates and influences the activity of all parts of the bodies of bilaterally symmetric and triploblastic animals—that is, all multicellular animals except sponges and diploblasts.
The PNS includes motor neurons, mediating voluntary movement; the autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system and regulating involuntary functions; and the enteric nervous system, a semi-independent part of the nervous system whose function is to control the gastrointestinal system.