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The title of matron was first used in the 16th century in the United Kingdom (UK) for the housekeeper role in voluntary hospitals. [9] The radical reforms of nursing promoted by Florence Nightingale argued not just that nurses should be trained but that the hospital nursing staff and their training should come under the control of one senior nurse – the matron.
Some of the nurses who had management training as a result of the Salmon Report took on management roles in the NHS from the 1970s. [7] As a result of Salmon, matrons and senior nurses had to reapply for their jobs and not all were successful in their applications. [7] The report led to the loss of the job title "matron" from NHS hospitals. [9]
The chief nurse, in other words the person in charge of nursing in a hospital and the head of the nursing staff, is called nursing officer in UK English, [1] and head nurse or director of nursing in US English, [2] [3] and matron or nursing superintendent in Indian English. [4]
In 1881 Eva Luckes, Matron of The London Hospital established the first two year training scheme in London. [10] She instituted a series of lectures by herself, a surgeon and a physician. In 1884 she introduced the precursor to Sister -Tutors, and selected two of her most trusted and skilled hospital sisters to give probationers extra tuition.
Several London Hospital supporters were members of the first Army Nursing Board including Sir Frederick Treves; Norah, Lady Roberts; Queen Alexandra – who was a keen supporter and President of The London Hospital from 1904; and London Hospital trained civilian matron of the Westminster Hospital, Mabel Cave. [10]
The Association of Hospital Matrons was a professional organization of hospital matrons in the United Kingdom, founded in 1919. At its meeting on 23 December 1971 it changed its name in to the Association of Nurse Administrators from January 1972. [ 1 ]
The Territorial Force Nursing Service (TFNS) was established by Richard Haldane (Secretary of State for War) as part of the Army Medical Service of the newly established Territorial Force, created by his reform of auxiliary forces in the United Kingdom (UK) [1] The service was inaugurated in July 1908, and its first Matron-in-Chief was Sidney Browne, who had previously held this position in ...
Laura Margaret Holroyde, RRC and bar, was Matron of a new Royal Flying Corps Hospital, later renamed as the Royal Air Force Hospital, in Eton Square, London from 1917-1919. [14] [15] [16] She had trained at The London Hospital under Matron Eva Luckes. From June 1921 Holroyde became matron of the London Fever Hospital until 1946. [17] [18]