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A tuberculoma is a clinical manifestation of tuberculosis which conglomerates tubercles into a firm lump, and so can mimic cancer tumors of many types in medical imaging studies. [1] [2] They often arise within individuals in whom a primary tuberculosis infection is not well controlled. [3]
Tuberculous meningitis, also known as TB meningitis or tubercular meningitis, is a specific type of bacterial meningitis caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the meninges—the system of membranes which envelop the central nervous system.
Tuberculosis of the lungs may also occur via infection from the blood stream. This is known as a Simon focus and is typically found in the top of the lung. [91] This hematogenous transmission can also spread infection to more distant sites, such as peripheral lymph nodes, the kidneys, the brain, and the bones.
Paradiscal, central, and non-bone lesions account for 98% of all spinal TB cases, indicating that lesions originating in the back are much more rare. [ 6 ] Cold abscesses develop near lesions, and they are called 'cold' because they lack typical inflammatory signs like warmth and redness.
Tuberculosis does not always settle in the lungs. If the outbreak of tuberculosis is in the brain, organs, kidneys, joints, or others areas, the patient may have active tuberculosis for an extended period of time before discovering that they are active. "A person with TB disease may feel perfectly healthy or may only have a cough from time to ...
Multiple bones are involved in children and usually only a single bone is involved in adults suffering from tuberculous dactylitis. [2] Tuberculous dactylitis affects the short tubular bones of the hands and feet in children. It often follows a mild course without fever and acute inflammatory signs as opposed to acute osteomyelitis. There may ...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the most common cause of both pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculous lymphadenitis. [1] [6] Historically, transmission of Mycobacterium bovis from dairy consumption was another frequent cause of tuberculous lymphadenitis, but incidence has drastically decreased in developed countries since the advent of pasteurization and other efforts to prevent bovine ...
Histopathological specimen showing tuberculosis of the duodenum. Lamina propria is stuffed with wall-to-wall histiocytes. This Kinyoun carbolfuchsin stain shows innumerable acid-fast bacilli. When it spreads to the bones, it is known as skeletal tuberculosis, [4] a form of osteomyelitis. [7] Tuberculosis has been present in humans since ancient ...