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In these kinds of measurements, the most practical instrument to use is the pitot tube. The pitot tube can be inserted through a small hole in the duct with the pitot connected to a U-tube water gauge or some other differential pressure gauge for determining the flow velocity inside the ducted wind tunnel. One use of this technique is to ...
The stationary fluid can be connected to a pressure-measuring device, or used in various devices. For subsonic flow, pitot pressure is equal to the stagnation pressure (or total pressure) of the flow, and hence the term pitot pressure is often used interchangeably with these other terms. For supersonic flow, however, pitot pressure is the ...
The pitot pressure is obtained from the pitot tube.The pitot pressure is a measure of ram air pressure (the air pressure created by vehicle motion or the air ramming into the tube), which, under ideal conditions, is equal to stagnation pressure, also called total pressure.
A pitot tube is used to measure fluid flow velocity. The tube is pointed into the flow and the difference between the stagnation pressure at the tip of the probe and the static pressure at its side is measured, yielding the dynamic pressure from which the fluid velocity is calculated using Bernoulli's equation. A volumetric rate of flow may be ...
A flow of air through a pitot tube Venturi meter, showing the columns connected in a manometer and partially filled with water. The meter is "read" as a differential pressure head in cm or inches of water. Video of a Venturi meter used in a lab experiment Idealized flow in a Venturi tube
The two points of interest are 1) in the freestream flow at relative speed where the pressure is called the "static" pressure, (for example well away from an airplane moving at speed ); and 2) at a "stagnation" point where the fluid is at rest with respect to the measuring apparatus (for example at the end of a pitot tube in an airplane).
Pitot-static tubes, for example perform this measurement on airplanes to determine airspeed. The presence of the measuring instrument inevitably acts to divert flow and create turbulence, so its shape is critical to accuracy and the calibration curves are often non-linear.
In fluid dynamics, the pressure coefficient is a dimensionless number which describes the relative pressures throughout a flow field.The pressure coefficient is used in aerodynamics and hydrodynamics.