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The eleven Rock-hewn Churches of Lalibela are monolithic churches located in the western Ethiopian Highlands near the town of Lalibela, named after the late-12th and early-13th century King Gebre Meskel Lalibela of the Zagwe dynasty, who commissioned the massive building project of 11 rock-hewn churches to recreate the holy city of Jerusalem in his own kingdom.
The Orthodox Tewahedo biblical canon is a version of the Christian Bible used in the two Oriental Orthodox Churches of the Ethiopian and Eritrean traditions: the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church. At 81 books, it is the largest and most diverse biblical canon in traditional Christendom.
Of these, the largest and oldest is the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, an Oriental Orthodox church centered in Ethiopia. The Orthodox Tewahedo Church was part of the Coptic Orthodox Church until 1959 when it was granted its own patriarch by the Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa Cyril VI
Lalibela (Amharic: ላሊበላ, romanized: Lalibäla) is a town in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia.Located in the Lasta district and North Wollo Zone, it is a tourist site for its famous rock-cut monolithic churches designed in contrast to the earlier monolithic churches in Ethiopia. [1]
The Ethiopian Church places a heavier emphasis on Old Testament teachings than one might find in other churches. Women are prohibited from entering the church temple during menses ; [ 74 ] they are also expected to cover their hair with a large scarf (or shash ) while in church, as described in 1 Corinthians, chapter 11.
The church is one of the "35-odd rock-hewn churches [comprising] the largest concentration anywhere in Ethiopia." [ 4 ] It is situated in the erstwhile Gar'alta district ( woreda ). The entrance is reached by a steep and hazardous ascent with hand and footholds in the rock. [ 5 ]
On Sunday, Ethiopian soldiers fired heavy weapons 11 times from locations near the churches in Lalibela, a deacon said, sending damaging shockwaves through one of the subterranean places of worship.
The church was built in 1877 by Emperor Menelik II characterized by octagonal domes. [1] [2] [3] Founded on the Entoto Hills about 2.5 km away, [4] it is the oldest church in Ethiopia, and the burial places of Menelik and his wife Taytu in a tomb called "Shera Bet" built in 1918. [5] Eucalyptus trees are available through the church.