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Expressing resonance when drawing Lewis structures may be done either by drawing each of the possible resonance forms and placing double-headed arrows between them or by using dashed lines to represent the partial bonds (although the latter is a good representation of the resonance hybrid which is not, formally speaking, a Lewis structure).
ACD/ChemSketch is freeware available for personal, home, and educational use from ACDlabs.It has comprehensive chemical drawing features and can directly connect to PubChem, eMolecules and Chemspider to search these large databases by structure or substructure.
An example of a dative covalent bond is provided by the interaction between a molecule of ammonia, a Lewis base with a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom, and boron trifluoride, a Lewis acid by virtue of the boron atom having an incomplete octet of electrons. In forming the adduct, the boron atom attains an octet configuration.
Examples of Lewis dot diagrams used to represent electrons in the chemical bonds between atoms, here showing carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O). Lewis diagrams were developed in 1916 by Gilbert N. Lewis to describe chemical bonding and are still widely used today. Each line segment or pair of dots represents a pair of electrons.
The number of electron pairs in the valence shell of a central atom is determined after drawing the Lewis structure of the molecule, and expanding it to show all bonding groups and lone pairs of electrons. [1]: 410–417 In VSEPR theory, a double bond or triple bond is treated as a single bonding group. [1]
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Often, the main problem with drawing chemical structures in inkscape is that it does not have a hexagonal matrix built in. One can use the polygon/star tool (make sure that it's set to "polygon", checkbox at top, and that it's set to 6 corners). Hold down "ctrl" while drawing the first hexagon to get the angles straight.
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