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Digoxin immune fab or digoxin-specific antibody is an antidote for overdose of digoxin. [3] It is made from immunoglobulin fragments from sheep that have already been immunized with a digoxin derivative, digoxindicarboxymethoxylamine (DDMA). Its brand names include Digibind (GlaxoSmithKline) and DigiFab (BTG plc).
An unusual side effect of digoxin is a disturbance of color vision (mostly yellow and green) called xanthopsia. Vincent van Gogh's "Yellow Period" may have somehow been influenced by concurrent digitalis therapy. Other oculotoxic effects of digoxin include generalized blurry vision, as well as seeing a "halo" around each point of light.
The primary treatment of digoxin toxicity is digoxin immune fab, which is an antibody made up of anti-digoxin immunoglobulin fragments. This antidote has been shown to be highly effective in treating life-threatening signs of digoxin toxicity such as hyperkalemia, hemodynamic instability, and arrhythmias. [11] Fab dose can be determined by two ...
Digoxin increased the risk of death in women by 23%. There was no difference in the death rate for men in the study. [38] Digoxin is also used as a standard control substance to test for P-glycoprotein inhibition. [39] Digoxin appears to be a peripherally selective drug due to limited brain uptake caused by binding to P-glycoprotein. [40] [41]
See the list of FDA-approved therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in the monoclonal antibody therapy page. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources .
Fab antibodies have also been used to avoid the adverse effects caused by unspecific binding of the Fc portion of the antibody, which is missing in the Fab fragment. [5] In case the IgG immunoglobulin was more suitable for the treatment or some other particular application, experiments have also been conducted, in which the recombinant Fab ...
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In the late 1990s and early 2000s, clinical trials with chemically linked Fabs were conducted for the treatment of various types of cancer. Early results were promising, [3] [4] but the concept was dropped because of high production costs. [5] Bi-specific T-cell engagers employ a similar mechanism of action while being cheaper.