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  2. Thermodynamic system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_system

    Properties of isolated, closed, and open thermodynamic systems in exchanging energy and matter. A thermodynamic system is a body of matter and/or radiation separate from its surroundings that can be studied using the laws of thermodynamics. Thermodynamic systems can be passive and active according to internal processes.

  3. Closed system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_system

    In thermodynamics, a closed system is important for solving complicated thermodynamic problems. It allows the elimination of some external factors that could alter the results of the experiment or problem thus simplifying it. A closed system can also be used in situations where thermodynamic equilibrium is required to simplify the situation.

  4. Helmholtz free energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmholtz_free_energy

    In thermodynamics, the Helmholtz free energy (or Helmholtz energy) is a thermodynamic potential that measures the useful work obtainable from a closed thermodynamic system at a constant temperature . The change in the Helmholtz energy during a process is equal to the maximum amount of work that the system can perform in a thermodynamic process ...

  5. Isolated system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolated_system

    Properties of Isolated, closed, and open systems in exchanging energy and matter. In physical science, an isolated system is either of the following: a physical system so far removed from other systems that it does not interact with them. a thermodynamic system enclosed by rigid immovable walls through which neither mass nor energy can pass.

  6. Polytropic process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytropic_process

    A polytropic process is a thermodynamic process that obeys the relation: = where p is the pressure , V is volume , n is the polytropic index , and C is a constant. The polytropic process equation describes expansion and compression processes which include heat transfer.

  7. Principle of minimum energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_minimum_energy

    The principle of minimum energy is essentially a restatement of the second law of thermodynamics. It states that for a closed system, with constant external parameters and entropy, the internal energy will decrease and approach a minimum value at equilibrium. External parameters generally means the volume, but may include other parameters which ...

  8. Category:Thermodynamic systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Thermodynamic_systems

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  9. Closed system (thermodynamics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/?title=Closed_system...

    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Closed_system_(thermodynamics)&oldid=547390924"