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The piastre was based on the Turkish kuruş, introduced while Egypt was part of the Ottoman Empire. As in Turkey, debasement lead to the piastre falling significantly in value. In 1834, the pound, or gineih (Arabic), was introduced as the chief unit of currency, worth 100 piastre. The piastre continues in use to the present day as a subdivision ...
Hence the name piastre referred to two distinct kinds of coins in two distinct parts of the world, both of which had descended from the Spanish pieces of eight. Because of the debased values of the piastres in the Middle East, these piastres became subsidiary units for the Turkish, Lebanese, Cypriot, and Egyptian pounds. [1]
Hence the Egyptian and Turkish units split from each other in value, with the Egyptian unit continuing its exchange value of 97.5 piastres to the pound sterling. In 1885, Egypt went into a purely gold standard, and the Egyptian pound unit, known as the juneih, was introduced at E£1 = 7.4375 grammes of fine gold.
Under the British Administration of Sudan there were four types of paper currency issued during the siege of Khartoum (the first two of which are illustrated in the table). Bearing a date of 25 April 1884, the first Sudan piaster issue was printed, in the following denominations: 1, [nb 4] 5, 10, 20, 100, 500, 1000, 2000, 2500 and 5000 piastres ...
Egyptian units of length are attested from the Early Dynastic Period. Although it dates to the 5th dynasty, the Palermo stone recorded the level of the Nile River during the reign of the Early Dynastic pharaoh Djer, when the height of the Nile was recorded as 6 cubits and 1 palm [1] (about 3.217 m or 10 ft 6.7 in).
9 Piastres stamp, SG no. 13, issued by the E.E.F. in 1918. In November 1917, the British Egyptian Expeditionary Force occupied Palestine. [70] [71] Initially, the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (and the Indian Expeditionary Force) had given civilians basic postal services for free, with additional services paid in British or Indian stamps. [70]
The first issue of 1 fils were mistakenly minted with the denomination given as "1 fil". 20 fils coins were minted until 1965, with 25 fils introduced in 1968 and 1 ⁄ 4 dinar coins in 1970. The 1 fils coin was last minted in 1985. In 1996, smaller 1 ⁄ 4 dinar coins were introduced alongside 1 ⁄ 2 and 1 dinar coins.
The inscribed value is of 3 deben, representing a unit of 29 grams (1.0 oz), likely the earliest copper deben. [2] Based on this evidence, it was argued recently that copper and gold deben were used since Early Dynastic Period in ancient Egypt.