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Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), or fetal growth restriction, is the poor growth of a fetus while in the womb during pregnancy. IUGR is defined by clinical features of malnutrition and evidence of reduced growth regardless of an infant's birth weight percentile. [ 5 ]
If small for gestational age babies have been the subject of intrauterine growth restriction, formerly known as intrauterine growth retardation, [5] the term "SGA associated with intrauterine growth restriction" is used. Intrauterine growth restriction refers to a condition in which a fetus is unable to achieve its genetically determined ...
This category reflects the organization of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision. Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes P05-P08 within Chapter XVI: Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period should be included in this category.
Intrauterine growth restriction may cause or be the result of hypoxia. Intrauterine hypoxia can cause cellular damage that occurs within the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). This results in an increased mortality rate, including an increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
If velamentous cord insertion is diagnosed, fetal growth is assessed every four weeks using ultrasound beginning at 28 weeks. If intrauterine growth restriction is observed, the umbilical cord is also assessed for signs of compression. Non-stress tests may be performed twice a week to ensure adequate blood flow to the fetus. [16]
Many factors, including maternal, placental, and fetal factors, contribute to the cause of impaired fetal growth. [23] There are several maternal factors, which include age, nutritional status, alcohol use, smoking, and medical conditions. [23] Insufficient uteroplacental perfusion is an example of a placental factor. [23]
Patients with a history of, or who currently have, FHA, who become pregnant, require extra care and monitoring during pregnancy to avoid the increased risks of inadequate weight gain, intrauterine fetal growth restrictions, miscarriage, and/or preterm labor. [3]
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