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The Ionic column is always more slender than the Doric; therefore, it always has a base: [5] Ionic columns are eight and nine column-diameters tall, and even more in the Antebellum colonnades of late American Greek Revival plantation houses. [citation needed] Ionic columns are most often fluted. After a little early experimentation, the number ...
English: Close-up of a ionic capital to be restored, Acropolis, Athens, Greece. Français : Gros plan sur un chapiteau d'ordre ionique, en cours de restauration, Acropole, Athènes, Grèce. Date
In new Renaissance combinations in capital designs most of the ornament can be traced to Classical Roman sources. The 'Renaissance' was as much a reinterpretation as a revival of Classical norms. For example, the volutes of ancient Greek and Roman Ionic capitals had lain in the same plane as the architrave above them.
File:3083 - Athens - Stoà of Attalus - Ionic capital - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 9 2009.jpg
The Ionic shaft comes with four more flutes than the Doric counterpart (totalling 24). The Ionic base has two convex moldings called tori, which are separated by a scotia. The Ionic order is also marked by an entasis, a curved tapering in the column shaft. A column of the Ionic order is nine times more tall than its lower diameter.
Room 19 has Greek material from the later 5th century BC, including sculptures from buildings on the Athenian Akropolis. The Caryatid from the Erechtheion, dating from about 421-406BC, was one of six almost identical figures of women that took the place of columns on the south porch of the building.
The peristasis was of equal depth on all sides, eliminating the usual emphasis on the front, an opisthodomos, integrated into the back of the naos, is the first proper example in Ionic architecture. The evident rational-mathematical aspect to the design suits Ionic Greek culture, with its strong tradition of natural philosophy. Pytheos was to ...
Each column has a capital of two parts, the upper, on which rests the lintels, being square and called the abacus. The part of the capital that rises from the column itself is called the echinus. It differs according to the order, being plain in the Doric order, fluted in the Ionic and foliate in the Corinthian.