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The tallest documented tropical angiosperm is a 100.8 m (331 ft) Shorea faguetiana found in the Danum Valley Conservation Area, in Sabah, Malaysia ().In Sabah's Tawau Hills National Park, at least five other species of the genus have been measured to be over 80 m (260 ft) tall: S. argentifolia, S. gibbosa, S. johorensis, S. smithiana, and S. superba. [3]
Shorea robusta, the sal tree, [2] sāla, shala, sakhua, [3] or sarai, [4] is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The tree is native to India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Tibet and across the Himalayan regions.
The fruits have wings but mostly land within 30 m (100 ft) of the parent tree. When the seeds falls on fallow land, the saplings do not at first grow as fast as the pioneer species such as Macaranga. However the saplings are shade tolerant, and after thirty years, Shorea parvifolia and Pentace laxiflora dominate the other tree species. [4]
This is a complete listing of Shorea species accepted by Plants of the World Online in July 2019. The subgeneric classification follows Ashton (2004) and covers only species native to northern Borneo, with some Sri Lankan species added. [3]
Crown Bark. Trees reach up to 60 meter tall and 100 cm in diameter. Bark is greyish brown, shallowly fissured, and V-shaped. Outer bark is dull purple brown, hard, brittle. Inner bark is fibrous, dull brown or yellowish brown grading to pale at the cambium. Sapwood is pale or cream, resinous, while heartwood is dark red or light red brown.
Shorea coriacea grows up to 50 metres (160 ft) tall, with a trunk diameter of up to 1.4 m (5 ft). It has buttresses measuring up to 1.5 m (5 ft) tall. The dark brown bark is flaky and fissured. The leathery leaves are ovate and measure up to 15 cm (6 in) long. The inflorescences measure up to 14 cm (6 in) long and bear up to ten pink flowers ...
Shorea scabrida grows up to 45 metres (150 ft) tall, with a trunk diameter of up to 1 m (3 ft). It has buttresses up to 1.5 m (5 ft) tall. The bark is fissured. The leathery leaves are elliptic to obovate and measure up to 9 cm (4 in) long. The inflorescences bear cream flowers, pink at their base. [3]
Shorea rubra grows up to 50 metres (160 ft) tall, with a trunk diameter of up to 1.3 m (4 ft). It has buttresses up to 2.5 m (8 ft) tall. The dark brown to black bark is fissured and becomes flaky. The leathery leaves are ovate and measure up to 13 cm (5 in) long. The inflorescences bear yellow flowers. [3]