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The history of model organisms began with the idea that certain organisms can be studied and used to gain knowledge of other organisms or as a control (ideal) for other organisms of the same species. Model organisms offer standards that serve as the authorized basis for comparison of other organisms. [1] Model organisms are made standard by ...
Model organism. Escherichia coli is a gram-negative prokaryotic model organism. Drosophila melanogaster, one of the most famous subjects for genetics experiments. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, one of the most intensively studied eukaryotic model organisms in molecular and cell biology. A model organism is a non-human species that is extensively ...
Euprymna scolopes (the Hawaiian bobtail squid), model for animal-bacterial symbiosis, bioluminescent vibrios. Galleria mellonella (the greater wax moth), the larvae of which are an excellent model organism for in vivo toxicology and pathogenicity testing, replacing the use of small mammals in such experiments.
Reciprocal altruism. In evolutionary biology, reciprocal altruism is a behaviour whereby an organism acts in a manner that temporarily reduces its fitness while increasing another organism's fitness, with the expectation that the other organism will act in a similar manner at a later time. The concept was initially developed by Robert Trivers ...
Caenorhabditis elegans (/ ˌsiːnoʊræbˈdaɪtəs ˈɛləɡæns / [6]) is a free-living transparent nematode about 1 mm in length that lives in temperate soil environments. [7] It is the type species of its genus. [8] The name is a blend of the Greek caeno- (recent), rhabditis (rod-like) [9] and Latin elegans (elegant).
The transition from non-life to life has never been observed experimentally, but many proposals have been made for different stages of the process. The study of abiogenesis aims to determine how pre-life chemical reactions gave rise to life under conditions strikingly different from those on Earth today.
Physarum polycephalum, an acellular [1] slime mold or myxomycete popularly known as "the blob", [2] is a protist with diverse cellular forms and broad geographic distribution. The “acellular” moniker derives from the plasmodial stage of the life cycle: the plasmodium is a bright yellow macroscopic multinucleate coenocyte shaped in a network ...
Synthetic biology (SynBio) is a multidisciplinary field of science that focuses on living systems and organisms, and it applies engineering principles to develop new biological parts, devices, and systems or to redesign existing systems found in nature. [1]