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Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations.
The outcome of evolution is not a perfectly designed organism. The end products of natural selection are organisms that are adapted to their present environments. Natural selection does not involve progress towards an ultimate goal. Evolution does not strive for more advanced, more intelligent, or more sophisticated life forms. [25]
Evolution through natural selection only causes successive generations of a population of organisms to become more fit for their environment than previous generations. [131] A population can evolve to become simpler or to have a smaller genome , [ 132 ] and atavistic ancestral genetic traits can reappear after having been lost through ...
Evolution captures both the history of an organism via its phylogeny, and the history of natural selection working on function to produce adaptations. [6] There are several reasons why natural selection may fail to achieve optimal design (Mayr 2001:140–143; Buss et al. 1998).
Natural selection for darker traits. Evolution is a central organizing concept in biology. It is the change in heritable characteristics of populations over successive generations. [88] [89] In artificial selection, animals were selectively bred for specific traits.
On the Origin of Species (or, more completely, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life) [3] is a work of scientific literature by Charles Darwin that is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology. It was published on 24 November 1859. [4]