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The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest ranking judicial body in the United States.Established by Article III of the Constitution, the Court was organized by the 1st United States Congress through the Judiciary Act of 1789, which specified its original and appellate jurisdiction, created 13 judicial districts, and fixed the size of the Supreme Court at six, with one chief justice ...
Article II, Section 2, Clause 2 of the United States Constitution, known as the Appointments Clause, empowers the President of the United States to nominate and, with the confirmation (advice and consent) of the United States Senate, appoint public officials, including justices of the Supreme Court. The president has the plenary power to ...
Once a Supreme Court vacancy opens, the president discusses the candidates with advisors, Senate leaders and members of the Senate Judiciary Committee, as a matter of senatorial courtesy, before selecting a nominee,. In doing so, potential problems a nominee may face during confirmation can be addressed in advance.
Because appointees to the short-lived United States Commerce Court were duly appointed as United States circuit judges, they are counted as circuit judges.Those individuals appointed to the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals and the United States Court of Claims during the period those courts existed as Article III courts are counted as circuit judges.
The Supreme Court of the United States was established by the Constitution of the United States.Originally, the Judiciary Act of 1789 set the number of justices at six. . However, as the nation's boundaries grew across the continent and as Supreme Court justices in those days had to ride the circuit, an arduous process requiring long travel on horseback or carriage over harsh terrain that ...
Grant is a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit and formerly a justice on the Supreme Court of Georgia. She graduated from Wake Forest University and attended law school at ...
However, upon succeeding Hayes, incoming President James A. Garfield (who, like Hayes, was a Republican) renominated Matthews, and the Senate confirmed him by a vote of 24 to 23, the narrowest confirmation for a successful U.S. Supreme Court nominee in history. He served on the Court until his death in 1889. [23] [24]
U.S. Supreme Court building. President Barack Obama made two successful appointments to the Supreme Court of the United States. The first was Judge Sonia Sotomayor [1] to fill the vacancy created by the retirement of Justice David H. Souter. [2] Sotomayor was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 6, 2009, by a vote of 68–31.