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Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common type of focal onset epilepsy among adults. [1] Seizure symptoms and behavior distinguish seizures arising from the mesial (medial) temporal lobe from seizures arising from the lateral (neocortical) temporal lobe. [2] Memory and psychiatric comorbidities may occur.
In the field of neurology, seizure types are categories of seizures defined by seizure behavior, symptoms, and diagnostic tests.The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) 2017 classification of seizures is the internationally recognized standard for identifying seizure types. [1]
Diagnosis of epilepsy can be difficult. A number of other conditions may present very similar signs and symptoms to seizures, including syncope, hyperventilation, migraines, narcolepsy, panic attacks and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). [133] [134] In particular, syncope can be accompanied by a short episode of convulsions. [135]
Other symptoms during this period include drowsiness, headache, difficulty speaking, psychosis, and weakness. [15] [16] [17] Observable signs and symptoms of seizures vary depending on the type. [3] [13] Seizures can be classified into generalized seizures and focal seizures, depending on what part of the brain is involved. [3] [13]
Syndromes are characterized into 4 groups based on epilepsy type: [1] a. Generalized onset epilepsy syndromes. These epilepsy syndromes have only generalized-onset seizures and include both the idiopathic generalized epilepsies (specifically childhood absence epilepsy, juvenile absence epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and epilepsy with generalized tonic- clonic seizures alone), as well as ...
Transient amnesia can be the principal manifestation of epilepsy. This diagnosis, however, is "seldom suspected by clinicians and remains controversial". [4] TEA is "almost always misdiagnosed" according to a leading authority. [9] In the largest study to date (2007) "Epilepsy was the initial specialist diagnosis in only 12 of 50 cases."