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Quality audits; Field testing; Costs of failure of control (Costs of non-conformance) Internal failure costs: Arise from defects caught internally and dealt with by discarding or repairing the defective items: Scrap; Rework; Material procurement costs; External failure costs: Arise from defects that actually reach customers: Complaints in warranty
Cost of poor quality (COPQ) or poor quality costs (PQC) or cost of nonquality, are costs that would disappear if systems, processes, and products were perfect. COPQ was popularized by IBM quality expert H. James Harrington in his 1987 book Poor-Quality Cost. [1] COPQ is a refinement of the concept of quality costs.
Software quality is the "capability of a software product to conform to requirements." [36] [37] while for others it can be synonymous with customer- or value-creation [38] [39] or even defect level. [40]
Quality Management Software is a category of technologies used by organizations to manage the delivery of high-quality products. Solutions range in functionality, however, with the use of automation capabilities they typically have components for managing internal and external risk, compliance, and the quality of processes and products.
There is a relation with test costs and failure costs (direct, indirect, costs for fault correction). Some factors which influence test effort are: maturity of the software development process, quality and testability of the testobject, test infrastructure, skills of staff members, quality goals and test strategy.
Quality audit is the process of systematic examination of a quality system carried out by an internal or external quality auditor or an audit team. It is an important part of an organization's quality management system and is a key element in the ISO quality system standard, ISO 9001 .
In much conventional industrial engineering, the quality costs are simply represented by the number of items outside specification multiplied by the cost of rework or scrap. However, Taguchi insisted that manufacturers broaden their horizons to consider cost to society. Though the short-term costs may simply be those of non-conformance, any ...
The quality of work is constrained by the project's budget, deadlines and scope (features). The project manager can trade between constraints. Changes in one constraint necessitate changes in others to compensate or quality will suffer. For example, a project can be completed faster by increasing budget or cutting scope.