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The shark kidney excretes urea that is needed for the shark to have in its system so the shark does not become dehydrated from living in seawater. [14] Sharks hearts have two chambers. The shark heart's main importance is providing oxygenated blood to the entire body while filtering out the deoxygenated blood. [15]
Close up skeletal of fin whale flipper. Whales and their relatives have a soft tissue flipper that encases most of the forelimb, and elongated digits with an increased number of phalanges. [9] Hyperphalangy is an increase in the number of phalanges beyond the plesiomorphic mammal condition of three phalanges-per-digit. [10]
Image credits: Sasha Weilbaker #4 Wind Blades. Humpback Whales are one of the largest weighing animals of the world, yet they are profound swimmers, which attributes down to its flippers (fins).
The basking shark is a coastal-pelagic shark found worldwide in boreal to warm-temperate waters. It lives around the continental shelf and occasionally enters brackish waters . [ 11 ] It is found from the surface down to at least 910 m (2,990 ft).
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Fins or flippers of varying forms and at varying locations (limbs, body, tail) have also evolved in a number of other tetrapod groups, including diving birds such as penguins (modified from wings), sea turtles (forelimbs modified into flippers), mosasaurs (limbs modified into flippers), and sea snakes (vertically expanded, flattened tail fin).
Soupfin sharks, which dwell in temperate waters worldwide, have long been prized for their meat and fins, as their name suggests. Overfishing has left the species critically endangered.
Deep-water teleosts, which do not have a swim bladder, have few lipids and proteins, deeply ossified bones, and watery tissues that maintain their buoyancy. Some sharks ' livers are composed of low-density lipids, such as hydrocarbon squalene or wax esters (also found in Myctophidae without swim bladders), which provide buoyancy.