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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management options are evidence-based practices with established treatment efficacy for ADHD.Approaches that have been evaluated in the management of ADHD symptoms include FDA-approved pharmacologic treatment and other pharmaceutical agents, psychological or behavioral approaches, combined pharmacological and behavioral approaches, cognitive training ...
More specifically, it looked at the effect of methylphenidate (brand names Ritalin, Concerta), a stimulant, and atomoxetine (Strattera), a non-stimulant, on the brain. It concluded that both drugs ...
Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) occurs in about 25% of children with an inattentive presentation and 50% of those with a combined presentation. [5]: 75 It is characterised by angry or irritable mood, argumentative or defiant behaviour and vindictiveness which are age-inappropriate.
Brain imaging studies have suggested that children with ODD may have hypofunction in the part of the brain responsible for reasoning, judgment, and impulse control. [35] Children with ODD are thought to have an overactive behavioral activation system (BAS), and an underactive behavioral inhibition system (BIS). [ 36 ]
Of note, DMDD cannot co-exist with oppositional defiant disorder, intermittent explosive disorder, or bipolar disorder but can co-exist with MDD, ADHD, conduct disorder, and substance use disorders. Lastly, Criterion K states that symptoms cannot be caused by the effects of substance use, another medical condition, or another neurological ...
Regardless of treatment, children diagnosed with schizophrenia at an early age have diminished social skills, such as educational and vocational abilities. [ 62 ] The grey matter in the cerebral cortex of the brain shrinks over time in people with schizophrenia; the question of whether antipsychotic medication exacerbates or causes this has ...