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Mannitol is used intravenously to reduce acutely raised intracranial pressure until more definitive treatment can be applied, [16] e.g., after head trauma. While mannitol injection is the mainstay for treating high pressure in the skull after a bad brain injury, it is no better than hypertonic saline as a first-line treatment.
Sugar alcohols can be, and often are, produced from renewable resources.Particular feedstocks are starch, cellulose and hemicellulose; the main conversion technologies use H 2 as the reagent: hydrogenolysis, i.e. the cleavage of C−O single bonds, converting polymers to smaller molecules, and hydrogenation of C=O double bonds, converting sugars to sugar alcohols.
Sugar alcohol based explosive chemicals are nitrated chemicals derived from straight-chain sugar alcohol molecules, such as (nominally) methane, ethylene glycol, glycerol aka glycerine, erythritol, xylitol, and mannitol. The completely nitrated versions of these compounds form powerful and sensitive explosives.
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Lactitol, erythritol, sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, and maltitol are all classified sugar alcohols (lactitol and maltitol are in fact disaccharide alcohols, since they contain one intact sugar). [1] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies sugar alcohols as " generally recognized as safe " (GRAS).
Mannitol was once used for poisoning after one study reported symptom reversal. [6] [26] Follow-up studies in animals [27] and case reports in humans [28] also found benefit from mannitol. However, a randomized, double-blind clinical trial found no difference between mannitol and normal saline. [29] Despite this its use may still be considered. [1]
Mannitol, a sugar alcohol used as a sweetener and medication; Sorbitol, a sugar alcohol with a sweet taste which the human body metabolizes slowly
This page was last edited on 9 December 2023, at 01:36 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.