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Bengal monitors have fat deposits in the tail and body that serve them in conditions when prey are not easily available. The lungs have spongy tissue unlike the sacs of other saurians . This allows for a greater rate of gas exchange and allows a faster metabolic rate and higher activity levels.
Most monitor lizards are almost entirely carnivorous, [14] consuming prey as varied as insects, crustaceans, arachnids, myriapods, molluscs, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Most species feed on invertebrates as juveniles and shift to feeding on vertebrates as adults.
Megalania, being the most massive terrestrial reptile back then, would have competed with predators like Thylacoleo to prey on marsupials as big as Procoptodon and even the Diprotodon, the largest of them that ever existed. Whether true monitors carry toxin is a long debated topic.
Monitor lizards are reputed to be among the most intelligent lizards. Most species forage widely and have large home ranges, [ 11 ] and many have high stamina. [ 12 ] Although most species are carnivorous, three arboreal species in the Philippines ( Varanus olivaceus , Varanus mabitang , and Varanus bitatawa ) are primarily frugivores.
The Asian water monitor has a natural affinity towards water, inhabiting the surroundings of lakes, rivers, ponds, swamps and various riparian habitats, including sewers, city parks, and urban waterways. It is an excellent swimmer and hunts fish, frogs, invertebrates, water birds, and other types of aquatic and amphibious prey.
Tree monitors have the most potently fibrinogenolytic venoms of all monitor lizards, matched only by the also arboreal banded monitor from the subgenus Odatria. This may be because arboreal monitor species experience strong selection pressure to quickly subjugate prey items before they break free and escape by falling out of the trees or flying ...
The rock monitor, being large and able to swallow large prey, often seek chances to eat turtles, which contributes most of its vertebrate food. [4] African monitors thrive throughout the African continent. Nile monitors are the most populous lizards in Africa, with over 4 million widely distributed across Sub-Sahara in all habitats but deserts ...
This is a list of the bird species of India and includes extant and recently extinct species recorded within the political limits of the Republic of India as defined by the Indian government. There have been 1377 species recorded as of 2023, [ 1 ] of which 81 are endemic to the country.