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Watermill of Braine-le-Château, Belgium (12th century) Interior of the Lyme Regis watermill, UK (14th century). A watermill or water mill is a mill that uses hydropower.It is a structure that uses a water wheel or water turbine to drive a mechanical process such as milling (grinding), rolling, or hammering.
Water mill: c. 250 BC The use of water power was pioneered by the Greeks: The earliest mention of a water mill in history occurs in Philo's Pneumatics, previously been regarded as a later Arabic interpolation, but according to recent research to be of authentic Greek origin. [1] [35] Three-masted ship : c. 240 BC:
This list of ancient watermills presents an overview of water-powered grain-mills and industrial mills in classical antiquity from their Hellenistic beginnings through the Roman imperial period. The watermill is the earliest instance of a machine harnessing natural forces to replace human muscular labour (apart from the sail ). [ 3 ]
Vertical axis water mill. A horizontal wheel with a vertical axle. Commonly called a tub wheel, Norse mill or Greek mill, [10] [11] the horizontal wheel is a primitive and inefficient form of the modern turbine. However, if it delivers the required power then the efficiency is of secondary importance.
Sawmill: The earliest known mechanical mill is the Hierapolis sawmill, a Roman water-powered stone mill in the Greek city of Hierapolis. Separation of powers: Aristotle first mentioned the idea of a "mixed government" or hybrid government in his work Politics, where he drew upon many of the constitutional forms in the city-states of Ancient Greece.
Scheme of the water-driven sawmill at Hierapolis, Roman Asia.The 3rd-century mill is considered the earliest known machine to incorporate a crank and connecting rod. [1]The Hierapolis sawmill was a water-powered stone sawmill in the Ancient Greek city of Hierapolis in Roman Asia (modern-day Turkey).
The Greek geographer Strabo reported in his Geography that a water-powered grain-mill existed near the palace of king Mithradates VI Eupator at Cabira, Asia Minor, before 71 BC. [ 1 ] The early mills had horizontal paddle wheels, an arrangement which later became known as the " Norse wheel ", as many were found in Scandinavia. [ 2 ]
Mylopotamos (Greek: Μυλοπόταμος, meaning "river of mills") is a village on the island of Cythera, Southern Greece. Its average elevation is 284 m. [2] Population 86 (2021). [1] It was named Mylopotamos because there are 22 watermills built along a small stream. The water mills were built for grinding wheat. Today 21 of the mills are ...