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The best known and simplest formula is = /, where b is the length of the base of the triangle, and h is the height or altitude of the triangle. The term "base" denotes any side, and "height" denotes the length of a perpendicular from the vertex opposite the base onto the line containing the base. Euclid proved that the area of a triangle is ...
A triangle with sides a, b, and c. In geometry, Heron's formula (or Hero's formula) gives the area of a triangle in terms of the three side lengths , , . Letting be the semiperimeter of the triangle, = (+ +), the area is [1]
If two triangles have two sides of the one equal to two sides of the other, each to each, and the angles included by those sides equal, then the triangles are congruent (side-angle-side). The area of a triangle is half the area of any parallelogram on the same base and having the same altitude.
The largest possible ratio of the area of the inscribed square to the area of the triangle is 1/2, which occurs when =, = /, and the altitude of the triangle from the base of length is equal to . The smallest possible ratio of the side of one inscribed square to the side of another in the same non-obtuse triangle is 2 2 / 3 {\displaystyle 2 ...
The area of a triangle is its half of the product of the base times the height (length of the altitude). For a triangle with opposite sides ,,, if the three altitudes of the triangle are called ,,, the area is: = = =. Given a fixed base side and a fixed area for a triangle, the locus of apex points is a straight line parallel to the base.
Altitudes can be used in the computation of the area of a triangle: one-half of the product of an altitude's length and its base's length (symbol b) equals the triangle's area: A = h b /2. Thus, the longest altitude is perpendicular to the shortest side of the triangle.
As PGCH is a parallelogram, triangle PHE can be slid up to show that the altitudes sum to that of triangle ABC. This proof depends on the readily-proved proposition that the area of a triangle is half its base times its height—that is, half the product of one side with the altitude from that side.
The propositions in Book I concern the properties of triangles and parallelograms, including for example that parallelograms with the same base and in the same parallels are equal and that any triangle with the same base and in the same parallels has half the area of these parallelograms, and a construction for a parallelogram of the same area ...