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A Venn diagram is a widely used diagram style that shows the logical relation between sets, popularized by John Venn (1834–1923) in the 1880s. The diagrams are used to teach elementary set theory, and to illustrate simple set relationships in probability, logic, statistics, linguistics and computer science.
A Venn diagram is a representation of mathematical sets: a mathematical diagram representing sets as circles, with their relationships to each other expressed through their overlapping positions, so that all possible relationships between the sets are shown. [4]
In set theory the Venn diagrams tell, that there is an element in one of the red intersections. (The existential quantifications for the red intersections are combined by or. They can be combined by the exclusive or as well.) Relations like subset and implication, arranged in the same kind of matrix as above. In set theory the Venn diagrams tell,
In this case, if the choice of U is clear from the context, the notation A c is sometimes used instead of U \ A, particularly if U is a universal set as in the study of Venn diagrams. Symmetric difference of sets A and B , denoted A B or A ⊖ B , is the set of all objects that are a member of exactly one of A and B (elements which are in one ...
An electronic symbol is a pictogram used to represent various electrical and electronic devices or functions, such as wires, batteries, resistors, and transistors, in a schematic diagram of an electrical or electronic circuit. These symbols are largely standardized internationally today, but may vary from country to country, or engineering ...
(The notation (a, b) is also used to denote an open interval on the real number line, but the context should make it clear which meaning is intended. Otherwise, the notation ]a, b[ may be used to denote the open interval whereas (a, b) is used for the ordered pair). If A and B are sets, then the Cartesian product (or simply product) is defined ...
A set of polygons in an Euler diagram This set equals the one depicted above since both have the very same elements.. In mathematics, a set is a collection of different [1] things; [2] [3] [4] these things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects of any kind: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, other geometrical shapes, variables, or even other ...
Venn diagram showing the union of sets A and B as everything not in white. In combinatorics, the inclusion–exclusion principle is a counting technique which generalizes the familiar method of obtaining the number of elements in the union of two finite sets; symbolically expressed as