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Let S be a statement of the form P implies Q (P → Q). Then the converse of S is the statement Q implies P (Q → P). In general, the truth of S says nothing about the truth of its converse, [2] unless the antecedent P and the consequent Q are logically equivalent. For example, consider the true statement "If I am a human, then I am mortal."
" In this case, unlike the last example, the inverse of the statement is true. The converse is "If a polygon has four sides, then it is a quadrilateral." Again, in this case, unlike the last example, the converse of the statement is true. The negation is "There is at least one quadrilateral that does not have four sides.
In mathematical logic, algebraic logic is the reasoning obtained by manipulating equations with free variables.. What is now usually called classical algebraic logic focuses on the identification and algebraic description of models appropriate for the study of various logics (in the form of classes of algebras that constitute the algebraic semantics for these deductive systems) and connected ...
The converse relation does satisfy the (weaker) axioms of a semigroup with involution: () = and () =. [12] Since one may generally consider relations between different sets (which form a category rather than a monoid, namely the category of relations Rel ), in this context the converse relation conforms to the axioms of a dagger category (aka ...
Any equivalence relation is the negation of an apartness relation, though the converse statement only holds in classical mathematics (as opposed to constructive mathematics), since it is equivalent to the law of excluded middle. Each relation that is both reflexive and left (or right) Euclidean is also an equivalence relation.
A relation algebra (L, ∧, ∨, −, 0, 1, •, I, ˘) is an algebraic structure equipped with the Boolean operations of conjunction x∧y, disjunction x∨y, and negation x −, the Boolean constants 0 and 1, the relational operations of composition x•y and converse x˘, and the relational constant I, such that these operations and constants satisfy certain equations constituting an ...
Propositional logic deals with statements, which are defined as declarative sentences having truth value. [ 29 ] [ 1 ] Examples of statements might include: Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia that anyone can edit.
Converse Nonimplication in a general Boolean algebra is defined as = ′. Example of a 2-element Boolean algebra: the 2 elements {0,1} with 0 as zero and 1 as unity element, operators ∼ {\textstyle \sim } as complement operator, ∨ {\textstyle \vee } as join operator and ∧ {\textstyle \wedge } as meet operator, build the Boolean algebra of ...