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Shock is divided into four main types based on the underlying cause: hypovolemic, cardiogenic, obstructive, and distributive shock. [2] Hypovolemic shock, also known as low volume shock, may be from bleeding, diarrhea, or vomiting. [1] Cardiogenic shock may be due to a heart attack or cardiac contusion. [1]
Cardiogenic shock is most commonly precipitated by a heart attack. [4] Treatment of cardiogenic shock depends on the cause with the initial goals to improve blood flow to the body. If cardiogenic shock is due to a heart attack, attempts to open the heart's arteries may help. Certain medications, such as dobutamine and milrinone, improve the ...
[3] [2] Hypovolemic shock is a medical emergency; if left untreated, the insufficient blood flow can cause damage to organs, leading to multiple organ failure. [4] In treating hypovolemic shock, it is important to determine the cause of the underlying hypovolemia, which may be the result of bleeding or other fluid losses.
Vasodilatory shock, vasogenic shock, or vasoplegic shock is a medical emergency belonging to shock along with cardiogenic shock, septic shock, allergen-induced shock and hypovolemic shock. When the blood vessels suddenly relax, it results in vasodilation .
In cardiogenic shock, the problem is in the function of the heart itself. In obstructive shock, the underlying problem is not the pump. Rather, the input into the heart (venous return) is decreased or the pressure against which the heart is pumping is higher than normal. [7] Treating the underlying cause can reverse the shock. [1]
The cold water can cause heart attack due to severe vasoconstriction, [2] where the heart has to work harder to pump the same volume of blood throughout the arteries. For people with pre-existing cardiovascular disease , the additional workload can result in myocardial infarction and/or acute heart failure , which ultimately may lead to a ...
This is sometimes “sub” classified as obstructive shock, but you can see that the cause is still due to the heart’s inability to do its job, right? Similarly to hypovolemic shock, a reduction in cardiac output leads to lowered blood flow, so the skin gets cool and clammy and so cardiogenic shock is also considered a kind of cold shock.
Example causes Biomarker Treatment Hypoperfusion (Circulatory shock) Haemorrhagic shock: Hypovolemia (Hypovolemic shock) Intravascular volume status Heart rate (Tachycardia) / Systolic blood pressure (Hypotension) / Decreased urine output: Intravenous fluid / Intraosseous infusion / Blood transfusion with packed red blood cells: Cardiogenic shock