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The Indian population had a faster growth during the Mughal era than at any known point in Indian history before the Mughal era. [ 103 ] [ 136 ] By the time of Aurangzeb's reign, there were a total of 455,698 villages in the Mughal Empire.
Empire Empire population as percentage of world population [41] Year [41] Qing dynasty: 37 1800: Northern Song dynasty: 33 1100: Western Han dynasty: 32 1: Mongol Empire: 31 1290: Roman Empire: 30 150: Jin dynasty (266–420) 28 280: Ming dynasty: 28 1600: Qin dynasty: 24 220 BC: Mughal Empire: 24 1700: Tang dynasty: 23 900: Delhi Sultanate: 23 ...
The Mughal dynasty (Persian: دودمان مغل, romanized: Dudmân-e Mughal) or the House of Babur (Persian: خاندانِ آلِ بابُر, romanized: Khāndān-e-Āl-e-Bābur), was a branch of the Timurid dynasty founded by Babur that ruled the Mughal Empire from its inception in 1526 till the early eighteenth century, and then as ceremonial suzerains over much of the empire until 1857.
Under the reign of Akbar (reigned 1556–1605) in 1600, the Mughal Empire's urban population was up to 17 million people, larger than the urban population in Europe. [43] By 1700, Mughal India had an urban population of 23 million people, larger than British India's urban population of 22.3 million in 1871. [44]
The Mughal empire was the second & last major Islamic empire to assert dominance over most of the Indian subcontinent between 1526 and 1857. The empire was founded by the Turco-Mongol leader Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate at the First Battle of Panipat.
Agra's notable historical period began during Sikandar Lodi's reign, but the golden age of the city began with the Mughals in the early 16th century. Agra was the foremost city of the Indian subcontinent and the capital of the Mughal Empire under Mughal emperors Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir and Shah Jahan.
The empire met global demand for Indian agricultural and industrial products. [57] Cities and towns experienced growth under the Mughal Empire, which had a relatively high degree of urbanization. [58] By 1600, between 4.6% and 15% of India's population lived in urban areas, with the figure measuring between 6.4% and 11% around 1840.
After the death of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, the empire expanded greatly under the rule of the Peshwas. The empire at its peak stretched from Tamil Nadu [116] [117] in the south Tanjavur of Tamil Nadu, to Peshawar(modern-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) in the north, and Bengal and Andaman Islands in east.