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The sonata form (also sonata-allegro form or first movement form) is a musical structure generally consisting of three main sections: an exposition, a development, and a recapitulation. It has been used widely since the middle of the 18th century (the early Classical period ).
The sonata form is "the most important principle of musical form, or formal type from the classical period well into the twentieth century." [15] It is usually used as the form of the first movement in multi-movement works. So, it is also called "first-movement form" or "sonata-allegro form" (because usually the most common first movements are ...
While the first-movement form had been the subject of theoretical works, it was seen as the pinnacle of musical technique. Part of the training of 19th-century composers was to write in sonata form and to favor sonata form in the first movement of multi-movement compositions, like symphonies, piano concertos, and string quartets.
Finally, the loud E ♭ chord that begins the Opus 35 variations themselves is moved here to the beginning of the first movement, in the form of the two chords that introduce the first movement. Alternatively, the first movement's resemblance to the overture to the comic opera Bastien und Bastienne (1768), composed by twelve-year-old W. A ...
The last movement is in sonata form. According to music historian Glenn Stanley, Beethoven "exploited the possibility that a string section can realize both angularity and rhythmic contrast if used as an obbligato -like background", [ 12 ] particularly in the coda, which contains an example, rare in Beethoven's music, of the dynamic marking fff .
The first movement is in the traditional sonata form that Beethoven inherited from his Classical predecessors, such as Haydn and Mozart (in which the main ideas that are introduced in the first few pages undergo elaborate development through many keys, with a dramatic return to the opening section—the recapitulation—about three-quarters of ...
The third movement usually follows a dance-like form, such as Minuet [or Scherzo] and Trio form. It is commonly written in the home key. Or, if used as the last movement, is in a fast tempo such as prestissimo, presto, or vivace. Like in Beethoven's "Pathetique" sonata Op.13 Third Movement
The first movement, [c] in C ♯ minor and alla breve, is written in modified sonata-allegro form. [22] Donald Francis Tovey warned players of this movement to avoid "taking [it] on a quaver standard like a slow 12 8 ". [19] The movement opens with an octave in the left hand and a triplet figuration in the right.