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The first pendulum clock was built in 1657 by Christiaan Huygens using a different design. The pendulum clock remained the world's most accurate timekeeper for 300 years, until the 1930s. Since his time, various working models of Galileo's clock have been built (see picture at top).
The most accurate pendulum clocks were controlled electrically. [166] The Shortt–Synchronome clock, an electrical driven pendulum clock designed in 1921, was the first clock to be a more accurate timekeeper than the Earth itself. [167] A succession of innovations and discoveries led to the invention of the modern quartz timer.
The most accurate pendulum clock was the Shortt-Synchronome clock, a complicated electromechanical clock with two pendulums developed in 1923 by W.H. Shortt and Frank Hope-Jones, which was accurate to better than one second per year. A slave pendulum in a separate clock was linked by an electric circuit and electromagnets to a master pendulum ...
Calling a clock the most accurate ever may sound like hyperbole, but physicists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Boulder, Colorado have built a pair of devices that can ...
[32] [33] The most accurate mechanical clock to date is probably the electromechanical Littlemore Clock, built by noted archaeologist E. T. Hall in the 1990s. In Hall's paper, [ 34 ] he reports an uncertainty of 3 parts in 10 9 measured over 100 days (an uncertainty of about 0.02 seconds over that period).
The Shortt was the first clock to be a more accurate timekeeper than the Earth itself; it was used in 1926 to detect tiny seasonal changes in the Earth's rotation rate. [3] [7] [8] Shortt clocks achieved accuracy of around a second per year, [3] [9] [10] [11] although a recent measurement indicated they were even more accurate. About 100 were ...
c. 3500 BC - Egyptian obelisks are among the earliest shadow clocks. [1] c. 1500 BC - The oldest of all known sundials, dating back to the 19th Dynasty. [2] c. 500 BC - A shadow clock is developed similar in shape to a bent T-square. [3] 3rd century BC - Berossos invents the hemispherical sundial. [4] 270 BCE - Ctesibius builds a water clock.
The Riefler escapement is a mechanical escapement for precision pendulum clocks invented and patented [1] by German instrument maker Sigmund Riefler in 1889. [2] It was used in the astronomical regulator clocks made by his German firm Clemens Riefler from 1890 to 1965, [3] which were perhaps the most accurate all-mechanical pendulum clocks made.