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Bayesian linear regression applies the framework of Bayesian statistics to linear regression. (See also Bayesian multivariate linear regression .) In particular, the regression coefficients β are assumed to be random variables with a specified prior distribution .
Graph of points and linear least squares lines in the simple linear regression numerical example The 0.975 quantile of Student's t -distribution with 13 degrees of freedom is t * 13 = 2.1604 , and thus the 95% confidence intervals for α and β are
Linear least squares (LLS) is the least squares approximation of linear functions to data. It is a set of formulations for solving statistical problems involved in linear regression, including variants for ordinary (unweighted), weighted, and generalized (correlated) residuals.
In statistics, ordinary least squares (OLS) is a type of linear least squares method for choosing the unknown parameters in a linear regression model (with fixed level-one [clarification needed] effects of a linear function of a set of explanatory variables) by the principle of least squares: minimizing the sum of the squares of the differences between the observed dependent variable (values ...
The response variable may be non-continuous ("limited" to lie on some subset of the real line). For binary (zero or one) variables, if analysis proceeds with least-squares linear regression, the model is called the linear probability model. Nonlinear models for binary dependent variables include the probit and logit model.
Consider the linear regression model = +, =,, …,.That is, = +, where, is the design matrix whose rows correspond to the observations and whose columns correspond to the independent or explanatory variables.
A straight line (simple linear regression) A quadratic or a polynomial curve; Local regression; Smoothing splines; The smoothing curve is chosen so as to provide the best fit in some sense, often defined as the fit that results in the minimum sum of the squared errors (a least squares criterion).
An example of a linear time series model is an autoregressive moving average model.Here the model for values {} in a time series can be written in the form = + + = + =. where again the quantities are random variables representing innovations which are new random effects that appear at a certain time but also affect values of at later times.