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In 1945, Breton speakers consisted about 75% of the population. Today, in all of Brittany, at most 20% of the population can speak Breton. 75% of the estimated 200,000 to 250,000 Breton speakers using Breton as an everyday language are over the age of 65.
The majority of today's speakers are more than 60 years old, and Breton is now classified as an endangered language. [ 3 ] At the beginning of the 20th century, half of the population of Lower Brittany knew only Breton; the other half were bilingual.
Each now has several hundred second-language speakers. Irish, Manx and Scottish Gaelic form the Goidelic languages , while Welsh, Cornish and Breton are Brittonic . All of these are Insular Celtic languages , since Breton, the only living Celtic language spoken in continental Europe, is descended from the language of settlers from Britain.
The shifting of the linguistic boundary in Brittany, from Breton to French, 900-1950. According to Fañch Broudic, Breton has lost 80% of its speakers in 60 years. [29] Other sources mention that 70% of Breton speakers are over 60. Furthermore, 60% of children received Breton from their parents in the 1920s and only 6% in the 1980s. [30]
Welsh and Breton continue to be spoken as native languages, while a revival in Cornish has led to an increase in speakers of that language. Cumbric and Pictish are extinct, having been replaced by Goidelic and Anglic speech.
This is a list of languages by total number of speakers. It is difficult to define what constitutes a language as opposed to a dialect . For example, Chinese and Arabic are sometimes considered single languages, but each includes several mutually unintelligible varieties , and so they are sometimes considered language families instead.
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Moreover, they are both native english speakers, which isn't representative at all of Breton speakers since the overwhelming majority are either native Breton speakers or native French speakers. There are many recordings of native Breton speakers on the internet which are easily accessible, so why use a recording of a non-native speaker?