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José Manuel Martínez (born June 13, 1962), [citation needed] dubbed El Mano Negra ("The Black Hand") is a Mexican-American former self-described drug cartel hitman. [2] Martínez confessed to an estimated 36 murders and was sentenced to life in prison after being convicted of murder in multiple states. He is incarcerated at USP Victorville in ...
Black Hand (Italian: Mano Nera) was a type of Italian extortion racket. Originally developed in the eighteenth century, Black Hand extortion was exported to the United States in the later nineteenth century with Italian immigrants. Black Hand was a method of extortion practiced by Italian immigrant gangsters of the Camorra and the Mafia ...
The Black Hand gangsters of this time period differed from the Mafia by lacking formally structured hierarchies and codes of conduct, and many were essentially one-man operations. Black Hand blackmail was also common in New York, Boston, and New Orleans. [2] Victims would be threatened with being beaten, shot, or have their place of business ...
The gang carried out a campaign of extortion in the Italian community and was also involved in gambling, narcotics trafficking, bootlegging, prostitution, kidnapping and murder. [2] " Big Joe" Cenetti, leader of the Famiglia Vagabonda's Clarksburg faction, was shot dead in his automobile near Reynoldsville on December 28, 1921 as a result of an ...
The Black Hand (The Birth of the Mafia) (Italian: La mano nera) is a 1973 Italian crime film written and directed by Antonio Racioppi and starring Lionel Stander, Rosanna Fratello and Michele Placido. [2] [3]
[1] [2] He was the first person in New England to be arrested for crimes associated with Black Hand. [3] His arrest was widely publicized and he was punished heavily in hopes of demoralizing others who were participating in the growing practice, which was a predecessor to the Mafia. [4] He left his career in crime after he married and had 9 ...
Racco was known as an early American Black Hand leader, extorting fellow Italian immigrants through the use of anonymous letters, which were covered in cryptic images such as black hand prints, skulls and daggers, and threatened the recipient, and in most cases his family with death if the extortion payment demanded was denied.
[1] [2] He was a high ranking made man in the Mexican Mafia before defecting and becoming a federal witness in 2003. His life is chronicled by journalist Chris Blatchford in the true crime book The Black Hand: The Story of Rene "Boxer" Enriquez, and his life in the Mexican Mafia.