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This distinguishes a suspension from a colloid, in which the colloid particles are smaller and do not settle. [2] Colloids and suspensions are different from solution , in which the dissolved substance (solute) does not exist as a solid, and solvent and solute are homogeneously mixed.
A colloid is a mixture in which one substance consisting of microscopically dispersed insoluble particles is suspended throughout another substance. Some definitions specify that the particles must be dispersed in a liquid, [1] while others extend the definition to include substances like aerosols and gels.
A sol is a colloidal suspension made out of tiny solid particles [1] in a continuous liquid medium. Sols are stable, so that they do not settle down when left undisturbed, and exhibit the Tyndall effect, which is the scattering of light by the particles in the colloid. The size of the particles can vary from 1 nm - 100 nm.
Although suspensions are relatively simple to distinguish from solutions and colloids, it may be difficult to distinguish solutions from colloids since the particles dispersed in the medium may be too small to distinguish by the human eye. Instead, the Tyndall effect is used to distinguish solutions and colloids. Due to the various reported ...
The depletion force is an effect of increased osmotic pressure in the surrounding solution. When colloids get sufficiently close, that is when their excluded volumes overlap, depletants are expelled from the interparticle region. This region between colloids then becomes a phase of pure solvent. When this occurs, there is a higher depletant ...
Sol (colloid) Solution (chemistry) Solvophoresis; Stokes's law of sound attenuation; Streaming current; Streaming potential; Streaming potential/current; Streaming vibration current; Supermicelle; Superplasticizer; Surface conductivity; Surfactant; Surfactin; Suspension (chemistry) Syneresis (chemistry)
For example, larger primary particles may settle even in the absence of aggregation, or aggregates that have formed a colloidal gel will remain in suspension. Other indirect techniques capable to monitor the state of aggregation include, for example, filtration , rheology , absorption of ultrasonic waves , or dielectric properties .
Schematic representation of the different stages and routes of the sol–gel technology. In this chemical procedure, a "sol" (a colloidal solution) is formed that then gradually evolves towards the formation of a gel-like diphasic system containing both a liquid phase and solid phase whose morphologies range from discrete particles to continuous polymer networks.