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Models of disability are analytic tools in disability studies used to articulate different ways disability is conceptualized by individuals and society broadly. [1] [2] Disability models are useful for understanding disagreements over disability policy, [2] teaching people about ableism, [3] providing disability-responsive health care, [3] and articulating the life experiences of disabled people.
The NHS also conducts research through the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). [5] Free healthcare at the point of use comes from the core principles at the founding of the National Health Service. The 1942 Beveridge cross-party report established the principles of the NHS which was implemented by the Labour government in 1948.
Seven key principles guide the NHS. [16] [17] The NHS provides a comprehensive service, available to all; Access to NHS services is based on clinical need, not an individual's ability to pay; The NHS aspires to the highest standards of excellence and professionalism; The patient will be at the heart of everything the NHS does
The medical model of disability, or medical model, is based in a biomedical perception of disability. This model links a disability diagnosis to an individual's physical body. The model supposes that a disability may reduce the individual's quality of life and aims to correct or diminish the disability with medical intervention. [1] It is often ...
[1] [3] Alternative models of disability have proliferated, allowing for greater complexity and specificity in how disability is theorized. [4] [5] Additionally, there has been an increased focus on interdisciplinary research. [6] For example, recent investigations suggest using "cross-sectional markers of stratification" [7] may help provide ...
John O'Brien is a leading thinker who has written widely in the field of disability. [2] [3] He is a pioneer and lifelong advocate of Person Centred Planning. [4] To this end, he was co-developer of two models for person centred planning, namely the McGill Action Planning System (MAPS) [5] and Planning Alternative Tomorrows with Hope (PATH). [6]
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The NIHR (originally named National Institute for Health Research) was created in April 2006 under the government's health research strategy, Best Research for Best Health. [7] This strategy outlined the direction that NIHR research and development should take. Its predecessor was the NHS Research & Development programme which was established ...